by Robert Springer, SPT

Get The Facts About Shin Splints!

Shin splints is a common term for a diagnosis of Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS).  This condition often affects the lower leg which results in pain typically occurring during running.  This pain presents in the distal two thirds of the anterior medial tibia (middle part of the shin).

MTSS affects individuals’ during activities that consistently load the lower limb, the most common which is running.  It is not uncommon for individuals to experience this who are in the military, play sports that require repetitive jumping, and rhythmic gymnasts.  It is estimated that approximately 13.6%-20% of runners are affected by this and military personnel are affected between 7.2%-35%.

The pain caused from MTSS can either be because of increased traction of the tibialis posterior muscle or the soleus muscle causing inflammation to the periosteum or from an accumulation of microdamage to the tibia that can lead to stress fractures. When running there is an increase in loading of the lower limb and several alterations in body structure and function can cause MTSS.  Unfortunately, MTSS can take approximately between 2-12 weeks to fully recover.

What Causes MTSS?

  • More prevalent in females
  • Higher occurrence in individuals who have had MTSS previously
  • Fewer years of running experience
  • Orthotic use
  • Increased Body Mass Index
  • Increased navicular drop and foot pronation
  • Increased External Rotation of hip range of motion in males
  • Biomechanics during running

Signs and Symptoms of MTSS

  • Pain at the anterior medial tibia
  • Tenderness in the lower leg
  • Inability to complete 10 single leg hops without pain
  • Tight Achilles tendon
  • Pain during plantar flexion

What can help with MTSS?

  • Rest from running or sport training
  • Activity modification
  • Calf and hip stretching
  • Strengthen hip and core musculature
  • Proprioceptive balance training
  • Eventually retrain running with better biomechanics
  • In some cases, orthotics may be recommended
  • Acute phase treatments can consist of ice or ice massage and ultrasound

If these shin splint facts sound familiar, the experts at Capital Area Physical Therapy & Wellness can provide relief and support. For all types of foot and ankle pain contact any of our NY Capital Region physical therapy offices.  Call  518-289-5242 to schedule your appointment.

Citations

Newman P, Witchalls J, Waddington G, Adams R. Risk factors associated with medial tibial stress syndrome in runners: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine. 2013:229. doi:10.2147/oajsm.s39331

Winkelmann ZK, Anderson D, Games KE, Eberman LE. Risk factors for medial tibial stress syndrome in active individuals: An evidence-based review. Journal of Athletic Training. 2016;51(12):1049-1052. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.12.13

Moen, Maarten H et al. “Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome: A Critical Review.” Sports medicine (Auckland) 39.7 (2009): 523–546. Web.